Another older boy, 9, gave the five-year-old the handgun, and later told police he'd learned to handle firearms from video games such as Call of Duty.
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The incident, which occurred in America, resulted in the little girl being shot once. The bullet didn't break any bones and she was air lifted to hospital and listed as critical but stable following surgery.
As they are underage, the two boys responsible for the shooting will not face charges.
However a man has been arrested in connection with incident, it has been confirmed.
Pueblo police said: "When the nine-year-old was asked how he was able to manipulate the handgun, he said he learned from video games like black ops."
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The police also confirmed that the girl's mother was in the house, and that her partner Adrian Chavez had fled the scene before later being arrested.
"Chavez will be charged with child abuse resulting in serious bodily injury for the gun that was left unattended," the statement continued.
Police also revealed that Chavez already and an outstanding warrant for an unrelated charge.